Powder Coating Manufacturer



BUSINESS PLAN

INNOVATIVE OVER COAT


2800 West 13 Mile
Midland, MI 48506


This plan is the second of two powder coating manufacturer plans included in this edition. Both plan owners site that the changing government regulations have created a demand in the market for a more environmentally friendly coating process. Innovative Over Coat, like Brudder Coating Systems, presents a detailed plan, with industry information that is helpful to anyone considering the powder coating business.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Mission

Innovative Over Coat (IOC) will be the provider of choice in the Midwest for powder coating finishes for custom, refinish parts. IOC will provide these finishes with superior quality and superior service. IOC will retain customers by providing custom colors and superior customer service.

The Market

Powder coatings are the fastest growing sector of the paint industry; 149 million pounds sold in 1992 to 450 million pounds projected for the year 2000. Why is powder growing so quickly? There are three key reasons: it is less expensive to apply than liquid coatings, it is easier to apply than liquid coatings, and there are no solvents so it is more environmentally friendly than liquid coatings.

Many individuals who are refinishing motorcycle, automobile and snowmobile parts are impressed with the appearance and durability of powder coatings. Innovative Over Coat intends to capitalize on this market opportunity.

The Business

Innovative Over Coat (IOC) is a Michigan-based S-Corporation which will provide powder coating application services to metal parts. The initial target market will be individuals who are located in Southeast Michigan and Northwest Ohio, and are rebuilding motorcycles, custom automobiles, boats and snowmobiles.

Why will IOC initially target the refinish market? First, powder coating has a reputation for being a superior finish. Second, the individuals refinishing these "big boy toys" are committed to obtaining a superior finish. Third, powder coating has a reputation for being environmentally friendly. The greening of America is driving individuals to search out ways to reduce environmental impact. They will prefer powder coating.

IOC has already retained one customer, a Linnfield Motorcycles dealer located in Birmingham, Michigan. This dealer is building custom motorcycles, and has committed to hiring Innovative to apply the paint to frame and metal parts. As well as a high volume retail customer base, Linnfield Motorcycles is a high volume parts supplier and will provide Innovative with all of its after market powder coating business.

What kind of parts will IOC be coating? For motorcycles, frames, brackets, fenders, cylinders, and gas tanks. For custom automobiles, brackets, engine parts, and trim pieces. For snowmobiles, skis, frames and brackets.

We have identified more than 480 prospective customers in Michigan and Northwest Ohio. These customers include motorcycle dealers, motorcycle parts dealers, antique and custom automobile shops, and snowmobile dealers. These customers will buy services directly from Innovative, and refer customers to Innovative.

The Competition

There are not enough aquality applicators in the market place to support the growing demand for custom powder coating services. There are 21 powder coating companies in Michigan and Northwest Ohio, but these companies are production shops serving the automotive market. We have identified one small company located in Sandusky, Ohio that is serving this market.

The Owners

The two partners forming this business have the breadth and depth of experience needed to succeed. John Godsey, President, has 16 years total experience, with eight of those years in management. Ike Walton, Vice President of Operations, has been working with the automotive industry for 22 years, and has been installing and operating powder coating systems since 1988. These two individuals make up the core of IOC, and cover the business needs essential for success.

Financial

IOC has developed financial projections for the first three years of operations. IOC is building the business in a manner that will be profitable almost immediately. We project $9,530 profit on $36,250 sales in the first year. Profit will grow to $42,450 on $117,000 sales in the third year.

IOC must obtain financing in order to start this company. IOC is seeking $30,000 in traditional financing to support capital purchase, and a small amount of initial working capital. The owners are providing $10,000 funding: $5,000 cash and $5,000 equipment.

MISSION

Innovative Over Coat (IOC) will be the applicator of choice in the Midwest for custom powder coating finishes. IOC will accomplish this by providing powder coating application services of superior quality combined with superior service. IOC will focus its marketing efforts on parts that require a quality finish.

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Innovative Over Coat, a Michigan S-Corporation, is a start-up venture that will provide custom powder coating finishing services for metal parts. IOC will provide custom coating services to customers who demand a finish that looks great and will last. IOC will focus our initial marketing efforts on companies and individuals who are building/rebuilding motorcycles, automobiles, and snow mobiles. [This is a market where current and future demand far exceeds the supply.]

IOC will differentiate itself from the competition by:

Comparison of Liquid and Powder Coatings

(Liquid coating (i.e., paint) involves applying a thin layer of coating to a part. The coating must contain some form of solvent carrier that transfers the paint to the part being coated. The solvent carrier can be water or a chemical such as toluene or xylene. The solvent evaporates, leaving behind the thin film of coating. The coating must cure to form the final, hard finish. Curing can occur in one of several ways based on the formula: evaporation (air dry), baking (elevated temperature dry), use of Ultra-Violet radiation, or use of a catalyst.

By contrast, a powder coating does not involve the use of any liquid. A dry powder is electrostatically applied to the part, and then cured in a baking oven at a temperature of 350 to 425 degrees. There are no solvents to evaporate, eliminating all air emissions. There are no liquids required to clean equipment, eliminating all liquid waste generation.

Powder coatings have proven to be an efficient, economical, and ecologically sound method of industrial finishing. Generally, powders outperform liquids because of their higher molecular weight and greater insolubility; there is less film porosity with superior chemical resistance, toughness, hardness and abrasion resistance.

Some of the advantages of powder coatings include:

While this all sounds too good to be true, there has historically been one limitation to powder coatings. They could not match the visual performance of a liquid coating. This limitation was eliminated within the past few years, when powder coatings have been developed to match liquid coatings in all measures of performance.

MARKET ANALYSIS

Market Trend

IOC has selected powder coating finishes because they are the finish of the future. Powder coating is the fastest growing segment of the coating industry. Powder coating sales have nearly doubled since 1992 (149 million pounds in 1992 to 257 million pounds in 1995), and are expected to nearly double again by the year 2000. Sales are projected to be 450 million pounds by the year 2000.

Powder coating sales have grown at the expense of other types of coatings, and manufacturers are converting from liquid coating to powder coating. Liquid paint (solvent borne and water borne) will drop from 16 percent of the market in 1995 to 67 percent in 2000. Powder coating will increase from 15 percent in 1995 to 22 percent in 2000.

The conversion from liquid to powder is happening for several reasons. First, it is environmentally friendly. Powder coating causes no air emissions and produces no hazardous waste. Second, it is less expensive. Applying powder coating costs one tenth of the cost of the application of liquid coating.

IOC has further evaluated the market by interviewing numerous powder coating users, and other experts in the field. Customers, paint manufacturers, and painting equipment manufacturers agree that there are few custom powder coaters in the Midwest who can consistently, and reliably apply powder coating to meet the demanding standards of our targeted market segment.

Target Markets

IOC will initially target the custom refinishing of motorcycle, automobile, and snowmobile parts. Why? First, these individuals demand a high quality finish. Second, these individuals are willing to spend more money to get a high quality finish. Third, these individuals know that a powder coating finish is superior to a liquid coating finish in performance and look. Furthermore, IOC partners have an extensive network of contacts in the motorcycle industry.

Organization Of The Sales Effort

How will we get customers? IOC will initially work through other companies to obtain business. We have identified more than 480 companies in Michigan and Northwest Ohio: motorcycle dealers, motorcycle parts dealers, antique and custom automobile shops, and snowmobile dealers. These companies can use our services directly and refer customers to Innovative.

Sales will be accomplished only through internal resources. IOC is presently building a reputation with local Linnfield dealerships. We will use this "word of mouth" advertising in combination with advertising in trade publications, trade shows and mailings to local dealerships.

IOC has already established a relationship with Linnfield Motorcycles in Birmingham, Michigan. Linnfield is key to market entry. Linnfield is an established dealer of motorcycles and is a meeting place for the local Linnfield owner's club. They are developing a line of custom motorcycles that will sell for more than $30,000 each; this will showcase the IOC quality finish.

As stated above, Linnfield wants IOC to paint all of their custom motorcycles. They have already agreed to refer customers and other motorcycle dealers needing powder coating to IOC. IOC needs more than one customer to survive.

We will expand our customer base using the following steps:

Competitive Analysis

Our research shows that there are not enough quality applicators in the market place to support the growing demand for powder coating services. Our research shows that the demand will continue to grow. Innovative Coating will position itself from day one to fulfill the needs of this market segment.

Innovative Coatings will compete in a marketplace that currently lacks service providers. We compiled a list of Midwest companies who apply powder coatings. Out of the twenty-one (21) competitors we found, ten are located in Northwest Ohio. Of these ten companies, only four (4) are custom powder coaters. The other companies are production powder coaters (large production runs for the automotive industry).

IOC will differentiate themselves from these companies in three ways:

Innovative Coating recognizes that customers demand "Service Beyond The Sale." IOC will develop a partnership with customers and suppliers. We'll make sure that every job is done right. IOC will exceed customer expectations. IOC will provide technical support when a problem arises, rapid response to customer demands, and flexible company hours. IOC has extensive application experience, and can work closely with the customer to develop cost effective techniques to insure the highest quality finishes.

Customer Profile

People who want to buy a new Linnfield motorcycle are willing to wait two to three years before taking delivery. This is the commitment to owning one of "America's premiere" motorcycles. This same commitment extends to the many individuals who are rebuilding older Linnfield motorcycles to "like new" condition. These individuals spend considerable amounts of money to rebuild the motorcycle to "like new" condition. They spend additional money to get an exceptional paint job.

We will get to these individuals through the Linnfield dealers, which is where individuals needing an exceptional paint job go for referrals. We will target the Linnfield motorcycle dealer with an established business.

Top Five After-Market Prospects

Linn field Motorcycles, Birmingham, MI - Discussions and meetings held with the owner. IOC has been asked to powder coat their new line of custom motorcycles.

Butterfly Bikes, Grand Rapids, MI - Discussions held with the owner. Very interested in IOC service and capability.

Washington Linnfield, Pontiac, MI - No discussions held to date.

Donahue's Wheels, Cadillac, MI - No discussions held to date.

Nash Jackson Linnfield Motors, Scottsdale, AZ - One meeting conducted with the owner. Very interested in IOC service and capability.

MANAGEMENT

To succeed in custom coating, every individual in the company must be a peak performer. Success will require the ability to manage the company resources effectively. Success will require a strong sales effort. Success will require the ability to deliver a product that meets the customer's expectations. The IOC management team meets these requirements.

John Godsey, President, has been involved in management, operations and sales during his 16 year career. John has spent more than half of his career in management positions, including: Office Manager fora $2.5million, 25 person office; Regional Sales and Technical Manager for an $88 million company; Regional Vice President for a start-up operation, part of a $20 million, 125 person operation; Vice President - Operations for a $4 million, 40 person company; and Corporate Manager for a Fortune 200 Company.

Ike Walton, Vice President-Operations, has the knowledge and experience that it takes to set up and run a high quality powder coating operation. Ike has more than 22 years of experience working in the automotive industry. Ike has spent the past 8 years working for the world leader in robotic powder coating application systems. Ike spent 6 years developing the programming that drives the powder coating system, and has spent the past 2 years as Project Manager installing new systems and troubleshooting existing systems. These projects involve multi-million dollar systems. Ike has seen all of the things that affect a quality operation, and knows how to develop and implement the solution. Furthermore, Ike has run a small custom powder coating operation in the past.

Roles and Responsibilities

Each member of the management team brings a different resource to the company, resulting in a whole that is greater than the sum of the parts. Innovative will start out in a fashion that will minimize overhead costs and risk, and maximize profitability. John and Ike will be the only employees initially, responsible for selling the work, applying the powder coating, and running the business. We expect that this business will grow quickly, and we will need employees within six months. At that time, our business management experience will prove invaluable, as described below.

John Godsey will be responsible for managing the company, and leading the future growth of the organization. He will be directly responsible for the financial, administrative and human resources aspects of IOC. Initially, he will also use his past experience with operations and sales to coordinate and assist with these responsibilities. He brings strong technical and management experience to IOC. John has a strong background with management and quality control systems.

Ike Walton will be responsible for leading the operations. Ike's expertise in installing and operating powder coating systems will prove invaluable to efficient facility management. Ike will install and operate the powder coating system. All operations staff will report to Ike, and it will be his responsibility for ensuring that customer orders are completed on-time, and to customer specifications.

IOC will obtain accounting/financial support on an as needed basis. IOC initially intends to maintain financial information internally, using an accountant for semi-annual or annual reviews.

IOC will also obtain legal support as an outside resource. The firm has not been selected at this time.

OPERATIONS

Operations will be responsible for delivering a product that meets customer expectations the first time. Our market analysis identified that customers need a powder coating operation that can reliably deliver a high quality finish, bundled with superior customer service. Other powder coating operations in this geographic area place little emphasis on cleanliness, quality, or on-time delivery.

IOC will succeed by differentiating ourselves from these companies in four ways:

Equipment

Production Equipment

The first key to applying a Class A finish is having the right equipment. IOC will purchase equipment capable of applying high quality finish. This equipment is:

Application Equipment: Symons Studio manual spray powder system: Ultimate flexibility and control manual application of powder coatings.

Baking Oven: The powder coating cures when exposed for a prescribed length of time to temperatures between 350 and 425 degrees Fahrenheit. The baking oven must hold temperature during that time, and all surfaces must be evenly exposed.

Spray booth : IOC will purchase a used spray booth that will allow for the collection of sprayed powder. As cash flow warrants IOC will refurbish this booth to become a permanent color booth.

Operating Systems

The correct equipment is only one step to delivering a high quality finish. The equipment must be operated effectively. Two key aspects to operation are "Working Environment" and "Quality Program."

Working Environment

A clean and orderly work environment is essential for the success of IOC. We will hire future employees, and consider them to be long term investments; we can only retain them if we provide a safe, sound and healthy environment.

Beyond this, a clean and orderly work environment is essential to providing a high quality finish. Airborne dirt and dust will contaminate the powder coating, and result in a finish with imperfections.

Quality Program

IOC principals know that it is critical to meet customer expectations the first time. We have all had our share of customer complaints, due to product that does not meet customer specifications. The unhappy customer is just one cost of poor quality. There is also the cost to rework the part. It costs more to redo the work than it did to do it right the first time. IOC will institute Quality Control systems that will allow us to make parts right the first time. Quality will be built into all IOC operations, and all employees will adopt the quality ethic.

Quality control will also be the responsibility of each employee. The goal is to move responsibility for quality control out onto the work floor. Each employee will also have responsibility for their own job performance. Quality and process problems, concerns or recommendations will be discussed as part of weekly and monthly company wide meetings.

Environmental Compliance

IOC will make every effort to comply with all environmental regulations. Powder coating is environmentally friendly. The environmental impact is minimal. There are no solvents used in the paint process, eliminating the need for wash solvent and eliminating VOC emissions from coating operations. Powder coating that must be disposed can be handled as ordinary trash; it is not a hazardous waste.

There are some permitting requirements for this operation. The air permitting requirements are minimal; the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) does not require an air permit for powder coating operations.

Staffing

During the majority of the first year IOC will be staffed by Ike Walton and John Godsey. This will cut down on overhead and allow the owners to implement quality programs prior to hiring new employees. As the business grows, IOC will hire additional employees to ensure that customers get parts coated in a reasonable amount of time.

Facility Requirements

IOC will initially operate renting space from part of a building. The target space has natural gas and electricity available to meet our requirements. This space will have a month-to-month lease, allowing us to pay only for the space that we need, and move into larger space when needed.

IOC expects to secure our own building or portion of a building after one year. Our search will focus on the area immediately east of Toledo, Ohio. This area has a large number of light industrial buildings, equipped with the power and structural needs of a growing company.

SOURCES AND USE OF FUNDS

The total dollar amount being sought is $30,000 in conventional financing. IOC expects there to be only one funding round for full financing during the first 2 to 3 years. IOC does not want to seek financing that would require an outside equity position.

The funding will be used to purchase capital, and provide working capital for the initial 4 to 6 months. This funding is essential to allow the start of this company.

This business plan assumes that IOC will purchase a combination of new and used equipment. Used powder coating equipment is notreadily available; this will determine the amount of new equipment that must be purchased.

Use Of Funds

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Capital Expenditures
Leasehold Improvements $2,000
Purchase of oven $20,000
Spray gun and hopper $2,500
Used Spray Booth $2,500
Total Capital Expenditures $27,000
Working Capital
Purchase of Inventory $1,500
Lease expenses $1,000
Staffing 00
Other Activities $5,500
Total Working Capital $8,000
Total Use Of Funds $35,000

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

IOC is seeking funding that will allow equipment purchase, building leasing, equipment set-up, and will support the operation for the initial period. IOC expects that cash flow will support the operation after the initial period, and that a bank will provide a line of credit based on the Accounts Receivable (A/R's).

Financial Analysis

IOC has determined our financial requirements based on the financial analysis in the following tables. Included are the Pro forma Income Statement, Balance Sheet, and Cash Flow analysis for the first three years (1997, 1998 and 1999). The income statement shows that IOC will be profitable almost immediately. We project generating $9,500 profit on $36,250 sales in year 1, $26,840 profit on $87,000 sales in year 2, and $41,850 profit on $117,500 sales in year 3.

Ratio Analysis

Financial ratios are included for your convenience.

Financial Standards

We have included financial standards as compiled by Jackson Associates for comparable companies in this industry.

Asset Worksheet

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Fixed Assets
Equipment 1000.00
Automotive, trucks 0.00
Buildings 0.00
Fixtures 0.00
Machinery 24000.00
Leasehold improvements 2000.00
Start Up Costs 0.00
Miscellaneous #1 0.00
Miscellaneous #2 0.00
Total Fixed Assets 27000.00
Intangible Assets
Goodwill 0.00
Other 0.00
Total Intangible Assets 0.00

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

BALANCESHEET
Percent Change
Year l Year2 Year3 Yrl-Yr2 Yr2-Yr3
ASSETS
Cash 7262.72 29372.38 86478.92 304.43% 194.42%
Accounts Receivable 0.00 4000.00 5000.00 #N/A! 25.00%
Notes Receivable 0.00 0.00 0.00 #N/A! #N/A!
Inventory 391.25 523.75 50.00 33.87% −90.45%
Total Current Assets 7653.97 33896.13 91528.92 342.86% 170.03%
Total Fixed Assets 27000.00 23142.86 19285.71
Less: accum. deprec. 3857.14 3857.14 3857.14
Net Fixed assets 23142.86 19285.71 15428.57 −16.67% −20.00%
Intangible Assets 0.00 0.00 0.00 #N/A! #N/A!
Total Assets 30796.83 53181.84 106957.49 72.69% 101.12%
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable 0.00 0.00 0.00 #N/A! #N/A!
Bank notes 0.00 0.00 0.00 #N/A! #N/A!
Notes payable 0.00 0.00 0.00 #N/A! #N/A!
CPLTD 5249.54 5915.33 6665.53 12.68% 12.68%
Total Current Liabilities 5249.54 5915.33 6665.53 12.68% 12.68%
Long Term Debt 20091.75 14176.42 7510.89 29.44% −47.02%
Total Liabilities 25341.29 20091.75 14176.42 20.72% −29.44%
NETWORTH
Paid in Capital 35000.00 35000.00 35000.00
Retained Earnings 9533.97 26837.99 41851.16 181.50% 55.94%
Additional Value −39078.43 −28747.90 15929.91 −26.44% −155.41%
Total Net Worth 5455.54 33090.09 92781.07 506.54% 180.39%
TOTAL LIABILITIES & NET WORTH 30796.83 53181.84 106957.49 72.69% 101.12%

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

RATIO ANALYSIS
Percent Change
Year l Year2 Year3 Yrl-Yr2 Yr2-Yr3
Current Ratio 1.46 5.73 13.73 293.01% 139.64%
Acid Ratio 1.38 4.97 12.97 258.91% 161.29%
Debt Ratio (Total Debt/Total Assets) TIE 0.82 0.38 0.13 −54.09% −64.92%
Inventory Turnover 68.43 39.10 1.46 −42.86% −96.25%
Average Collection Period 0.00 16.63 15.40 #N/A! −7.45%
Total Asset Turnover 1.17 1.63 1.09 38.98% −32.85%
Gross Margin 94.66% 94.69% 94.75% 0.04% 0.05%
Net Margin 26.43% 31.00% 35.80% 17.29% 15.46%
Return on Assets 30.96% 50.46% 39.13% 63.01% −22.46%
Return on Equity 174.76% 81.11% 45.11% −53.59% −44.38%
Off.Comp./Sales 1.66% 1.85% 5.13% 11.11% 177.66%

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

RMA
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Industry
Norm
Assets
Cash & Equivalents 23.6 552 80.9 12.4
Trade Receivables - (net) 0.0 7.5 9.4 262
Inventory 1.3 1.0 0.0 102
All Other Current 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1
Total Current 24.9 63.7 85.6 50.9
Fixed Assets (net) 75.1 36.3 14.4 39.4
All Other Non-Current 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.4
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Liabilities
Notes-Payable-Short Term 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.1
Cur.Mat.-L/T/D 17.0 11.1 62 4.5
Trade Payables 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.8
Income Taxes-Payable 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4
All Other Current 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.8
Total Current 17.0 11.1 62 28.6
Long Term Debt 65.2 26.7 7.0 19.4
Deferred Taxes 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2
All Other Non-Current 652 26.7 7.0 9.4
Net Worth 17.7 622 86.7 41.4
Total Liabilities & Net Worth 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Income Data
Net Sales 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Gross Profit 94.7 94.7 94.7 47.7
Operating Expenses 57.6 512 44.5 41.5
Operating Profit 37.1 43.5 502 62
All Other Expenses (net) 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.9
Profit Before Taxes 36.7 43.1 49.7 4.3
Ratios
Current 1.46 5.73 13.73 22
Quick 1.38 4.97 12.97 1.5
Sales/Receivables #N/A! 21.64 23.38 8.5
Cost of Sales/Inventory 7.65 11.16 303.35 18.3
Cost of Sales/Payables #N/A! #N/A! #N/A! 19.0
Sales/Working Capital 15.00 3.09 1.38 7.1
EBIT/Interest 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.3
Net Profit + Depr., Dep.,
Amort./Cur. Mat. L/T/D 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.4
Fixed/Worth 424 0.58 0.17 0.9
Debt/Worth 4.65 0.61 0.15 1.3
% Profit Before Taxes/
Tangible Net Worth
242.72% 112.65% 62.65% 23.7
% Profit Before Taxes/
Total Assets
43.00% 70.09% 54.35% 9.4
Sales/Net Fixed Assets 1.56 4.49 7.58 4.5
Sales/Total Assets 1.17 1.63 1.09 1.9
% Depr., Dep., Amort/Sales 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 42
% Officer's Comp./Sales 1.66% 1.85% 5.13% 11.1

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Income Statement
Percent Change
Year l Year2 Year3 Yrl-Yr2 Yr2-Yr3
Revenue
Gross Sales 36250.00 87000.00 117500.00 140.00% 35.06%
Less returns, discounts 181.25 435.00 587.50 140.00% 35.06%
Net Sales 36068.75 86565.00 116912.50 140.00% 35.06%
Cost of Goods Sold
Beginning inventory 75.00 366.25 498.75 388.33% 36.18%
Purchases 2112.50 4500.00 5400.00 113.02% 20.00%
Freight 105.63 225.00 270.00 113.02% 20.00%
Total goods available 2293.13 5091.25 6168.75 122.02% 21.16%
Ending inventory 366.25 498.75 25.00 36.18% −94.99%
Total Cost of Goods Sold 1926.88 4592.50 6143.75 138.34% 33.78%
Gross Profit 34141.88 81972.50 110768.75 140.09% 35.13%
Operating Expenses
Selling Expenses
Advertising 575.00 375.00 600.00 −34.78% 60.00%
Commissions 0.00 0.00 0.00 #N/A! #N/A!
Travel & Entertainment 300.00 600.00 840.00 100.00% 40.00%
Total 875.00 975.00 1440.00 11.43% 47.69%
Administrative
Salaries 600.00 1600.00 6000.00 166.67% 275.00%
Payroll 2880.00 13920.00 14400.00 383.33% 3.45%
Withholding 1044.00 4656.00 6120.00 345.98% 31.44%
Insurance 1200.00 1200.00 1200.00 0.00% 0.00%
Total 5724.00 21376.00 27720.00 273.45% 29.68%
General
Rent 5700.00 12000.00 12000.00 110.53% 0.00%
Utilities 3000.00 4800.00 4800.00 60.00% 0.00%
Telephone 900.00 1800.00 1800.00 100.00% 0.00%
Office Expenses 300.00 1800.00 2400.00 500.00% 33.33%
Vehicle Expenses 0.00 0.00 0.00 #N/A! #N/A!
Office Supplies 300.00 300.00 600.00 0.00% 100.00%
Postage 180.00 200.00 120.00 11.11% −40.00%
Professionals 362.50 870.00 1175.00 140.00% 35.06%
Research 0.00 0.00 0.00 #N/A! #N/A!
Misc. 3425.00 200.00 0.00 −94.16% −100.00%
Total 14167.50 21970.00 22895.00 55.07% 4.21%
Total Operating Expenses 20766.50 44321.00 52055.00 113.43% 17.45%
Total Operating Income 13375.38 37651.50 58713.75 181.50% 55.94%
State Taxes 133.75 376.52 587.14 181.50% 55.94%
Pretax Income 13241.62 37274.99 58126.61 181.50% 55.94%
Federal Taxes 3707.65 10437.00 16275.45 181.50% 55.94%
Net Income 9533.97 26837.99 41851.16 181.50% 55.94%

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Year One Cash Flow
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
Sales:
Linnfield Motors 500 1,000 1,000 1,500 1,500 2,000
Other Motorcycle Dealers 0 250 500 500 500 500
Automotive Customizing 0 0 0 250 250 250
Snowmobile Customizing 0 0 0 0 0 250
Total Sales 500 1,250 1,500 2,250 2,250 3,000
Cash Receipts:
Month of Shipment 60% 300 750 900 1,350 1,350 1,800
First Month 30% 0 150 375 450 675 675
Second Month 10% 0 0 50 125 150 225
Third Month 0% 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fourth Month 0% 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Receipts 300 900 1,325 1,925 2,175 2,700
Cash Expenses:
Rent 300 300 300 300 300 300
Utilities 200 200 200 200 200 200
Telephone 50 50 50 50 50 50
Salaries 50 50 50 50 50 50
Payroll 0 0 0 0 0 0
Withholding 15 15 15 15 15 15
#1 Inventory 50 50 75 75 100 100
Freight−In 3 3 4 4 5 5
#2 Inventory 13 25 25 25 25 50
Freight−In 1 1 1 1 1 3
#3 Inventory 0 0 13 13 13 25
Freight−In 0 0 1 1 1 1
#4 Inventory 0 0 0 0 13 13
Freight−In 0 0 0 0 1 1
Office Expense 0 0 0 0 0 0
Vehicle Expense 0 0 0 0 0 0
Office Supplies 25 25 25 25 25 25
Postage 0 0 50 10 10 10
Advertising 0 100 100 25 25 100
Professionals 5 13 15 23 23 30
Commissions 0 0 0 0 0 0
Insurance 100 100 100 100 100 100
Travel & Entertainment 0 0 30 30 30 30
Research 0 0 0 0 0 0
Equipment Purchase 27,000 0 0 0 0 0
Miscellaneous (Start−up costs; Samples) 3,225 0 50 0 50 0
State Taxes 0 0 0 0 0 0
Federal Taxes 0 0 0 0 0 0
Total Expenses 31,036 931 1,103 946 1,035 1,107
Net Cash From Operations −30,736 −31 222 979 1,140 1,593
Beginning Cash 35,000 4,264 3,563 3,115 3,424 3,894
Cash on Hand 4,264 4,233 3,785 4,094 4,564 5,488
Bank Loan Required 0 0 0 0 0 0
Loan Repayment 0 670 670 670 670 670
Ending Cash 4,264 3,563 3,115 3,424 3,894 4,818

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,500 3,000
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 2,000
500 500 500 500 500 1,000
250 250 250 250 250 250
3,750 3,750 3,750 3,750 4,250 6,250
2,250 2,250 2,250 2,250 2,550 3,750
900 1,125 1,125 1,125 1,125 1,275
225 300 375 375 375 375
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
3,375 3,675 3,750 3,750 4,050 5,400
300 300 300 1,000 1,000 1,000
200 200 200 400 400 400
50 50 50 150 150 150
50 50 50 50 50 50
0 0 0 960 960 960
15 15 15 303 303 303
100 100 100 125 150 150
5 5 5 6 8 8
50 50 50 50 100 100
3 3 3 3 5 5
25 25 25 25 50 50
1 1 1 1 3 3
13 13 13 13 13 25
1 1 1 1 1 1
0 0 0 100 100 100
0 0 0 0 0 0
25 25 25 25 25 25
10 10 10 50 10 10
25 25 25 25 25 100
38 38 38 38 43 63
0 0 0 0 0 0
100 100 100 100 100 100
30 30 30 30 30 30
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 50 0 0 50 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
1,039 1,089 1,039 3,454 3,574 3,632
2,336 2,586 2,711 2% 476 1,768
4,818 6,483 8,399 10,439 10,066 9,872
7,153 9,069 11,109 10,736 10,542 11,640
0 0 0 0 0 0
670 670 670 670 670 670
6,483 8,399 10,439 10,066 9,872 10,970

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Year Two Cash Flow
Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Sales
Linnfield Motorcycles 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
Other Motorcycle Dealers 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,500
Automotive Customizing 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,500
Snowmobile Customizing 500 500 500 500 500
Total Sales 6,500 6,500 6,500 6,500 7,500
Cash Receipts
Month of Shipment 3,900 3,900 3,900 3,900 4,500
First Month 1,875 1,950 1,950 1,950 1,950
Second Month 425 625 650 650 650
Third Month 0 0 0 0 0
Fourth Month 0 0 0 0 0
Total Receipts 6,200 6,475 6,500 6,500 7,100
Cash Expenses
Rent 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
Utilities 400 400 400 400 400
Telephone 150 150 150 150 150
Salaries 100 100 100 100 100
Payroll 960 960 1,200 1,200 1,200
Witholding 318 318 390 390 390
#1 Inventory 150 150 150 150 150
Freight-In 8 8 8 8 8
#2 Inventory 100 100 100 125 125
Freight-In 5 5 5 6 6
#3 Inventory 50 50 50 75 75
Freight-In 3 3 3 4 4
#4 Inventory 25 25 25 25 25
Freight-In 1 1 1 1 1
Office Expense 100 100 100 100 100
Vehicle Expense 0 0 0 0 0
Office Supplies 25 25 25 25 25
Postage 10 10 50 10 10
Advertising 100 25 25 25 25
Professionals 65 65 65 65 75
Commissions 0 0 0 0 0
Insurance 100 100 100 100 100
Travel & Entertainment 50 50 50 50 50
Research 0 0 0 0 0
Equipment Purchase 0 0 0 0 0
Miscellaneous (Start-up Costs; Samples) 0 50 0 0 50
State Taxes 0 0 0 0 0
Federal Taxes 0 0 0 0 0
Total Expenses 3,719 3,694 3,996 4,009 4,069
Net Cash From Operations 2,481 2,781 2,504 2,491 3,031
Beginning Cash 10,970 12,781 14,892 16,726 18,547
Cash on Hand 13,451 15,562 17,396 19,217 21,578
Bank Loan Required 0 0 0 0 0
Loan Repayment 670 670 670 670 670
Ending Cash 12,781 14,892 16,726 18,547 20,908

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 3,000 3,000
1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500
500 500 500 500 500 500 500
7,500 7,500 7,500 7,500 7,500 8,000 8,000
4,500 4,500 4,500 4,500 4,500 4,800 4,800
2,250 2,250 2,250 2,250 2,250 2,250 2,400
650 750 750 750 750 750 750
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7,400 7,500 7,500 7,500 7,500 7,800 7,950
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
400 400 400 400 400 400 400
150 150 150 150 150 150 150
100 100 100 100 100 100 500
1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200
390 390 390 390 390 390 510
150 150 150 150 150 150 150
8 8 8 8 8 8 8
125 125 125 125 150 150 150
6 6 6 6 8 8 8
75 75 75 75 75 75 100
4 4 4 4 4 4 5
25 25 25 25 25 25 75
1 1 1 1 1 1 4
100 200 200 200 200 200 200
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 25 25 25 25 25 25
10 10 10 10 10 10 50
25 25 25 25 25 25 25
75 75 75 75 75 80 80
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
50 50 50 50 50 50 50
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 50 0 0 50 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4,019 4,119 4,169 4,119 4,145 4,200 4,789
3,381 3,381 3,331 3,381 3,355 3,600 3,161
20,908 23,619 26,331 28,992 31,703 34,388 37,318
24,289 27,001 29,662 32,373 35,058 37,988 40,479
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
670 670 670 670 670 670 670
23,619 26,331 28,992 31,703 34,388 37,318 39,809

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Year Three Cash Flow
Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Sales
Linnfield Motorcycles 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
Other Motorcycle Dealers 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
Automotive Customizing 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000
Snowmobile Customizing 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500
Total Sales 9,500 9,500 9,500 9,500 9,500
Cash Receipts
Month of Shipment 5,700 5,700 5,700 5,700 5,700
First Month 2,400 2,850 2,850 2,850 2,850
Second Month 800 800 950 950 950
Third Month 0 0 0 0 0
Fourth Month 0 0 0 0 0
Total Receipts 8,900 9,350 9,500 9,500 9,500
Cash Expenses
Rent 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
Utilities 400 400 400 400 400
Telephone 150 150 150 150 150
Salaries 500 500 500 500 500
Payroll 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200
Witholding 510 510 510 510 510
#1 Inventory 150 150 150 150 150
Freight-In 8 8 8 8 8
#2 Inventory 150 150 150 150 175
Freight-In 8 8 8 8 9
#3 Inventory 100 100 100 100 100
Freight-In 5 5 5 5 5
#4 Inventory 75 75 75 75 75
Freight-In 4 4 4 4 4
Office Expense 200 200 200 200 200
Vehicle Expense 0 0 0 0 0
Office Supplies 50 50 50 50 50
Postage 10 10 10 10 10
Advertising 50 50 50 50 50
Professionals 95 95 95 95 95
Commissions 0 0 0 0 0
Insurance 100 100 100 100 100
Travel & Entertainment 70 70 70 70 70
Research 0 0 0 0 0
Equipment Purchase 0 0 0 0 0
Miscellaneous (Start-up Costs; Samples) 0 0 0 0 0
State Taxes 0 0 0 0 0
Federal Taxes 0 0 0 0 0
Total Expenses 4,834 4,834 4,834 4,834 4,860
Net Cash From Operations 4,066 4,516 4,666 4,666 4,640
Beginning Cash 39,809 43,206 47,052 51,048 55,044
Cash on Hand 43,876 47,722 51,718 55,714 59,684
Bank Loan Required 0 0 0 0 0
Loan Repayment 670 670 670 670 670
Ending Cash 43,206 47,052 51,048 55,044 59,014

Powder Coating Manufacturer: Innovative Over Coat

Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500 3,500
2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000
1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500
10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000
2,850 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
950 950 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9,800 9,950 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 10,000
1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
400 400 400 400 400 400 400
150 150 150 150 150 150 150
500 500 500 500 500 500 500
1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200
510 510 510 510 510 510 510
150 150 150 150 150 150 0
8 8 8 8 8 8 0
175 175 175 175 175 175 0
9 9 9 9 9 9 0
100 100 100 100 100 100 0
5 5 5 5 5 5 0
75 75 75 75 75 75 0
4 4 4 4 4 4 0
200 200 200 200 200 200 200
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
50 50 50 50 50 50 50
10 10 10 10 10 10 10
50 50 50 50 50 50 50
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
100 100 100 100 100 100 100
70 70 70 70 70 70 70
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4,865 4,865 4,865 4,865 4,865 4,865 4,340
4,935 5,085 5,135 5,135 9,730 9,730 8,680
59,014 63,279 67,694 72,159 76,624 85,684 94,744
63,949 68,364 72,829 77,294 86,354 95,414 103,424
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
670 670 670 670 670 670 670
63,279 67,694 72,159 76,624 85,684 94,744 102,754


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