Public Administration

SIC 9111 Executive Offices - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category covers offices of chief executives and their advisory and interdepartmental committees and commissions.

SIC 9121 Legislative Bodies - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category covers legislative bodies and their advisory and interdepartmental committees and commissions at the local, state, and national level.

SIC 9131 Executive and Legislative Offices Combined - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category covers councils and boards of commissioners or supervisors and such bodies in which the chief executive is a member of the legislative body itself.

SIC 9199 General Government, Not Elsewhere Classified - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

The general government not elsewhere classified (NEC) division includes several offices and agencies associated with civil rights, civil service, accounting, personnel, purchasing, and supply. Three of the largest of these offices, all on the federal level, are the General Accounting Office (GAO), the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), and the General Services Administration (GSA).

SIC 9211 Courts - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

The law affects every aspect of modern society. It regulates the entire range of relationships among individuals, groups, businesses, and governments, defining rights and restrictions on conduct, communications, and transactions.

SIC 9221 Police Protection - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

Police protection encompasses a wide range of protective services, involving many different municipal, state, and federal government agencies. These agencies often have overlapping authority, creating a vast network of law enforcement functions.

SIC 9222 Legal Counsel and Prosecution - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

Criminal practice and procedure is an area of law that encompasses both private and public employment. As further discussed, those accused of a crime may hire private legal counsel for their defense or, if they qualify as indigent, may request the trial court to appoint counsel for them ("public defenders").

SIC 9223 Correctional Institutions - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

According to the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), the incarceration rate in federal and state prisons and local jails nearly doubled from the late 1980s to the late 1990s.

SIC 9224 Fire Protection - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

Public fire departments responded to 1.73 million fires in 2001, according to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). At 6,196, civilian deaths in 2001 were significantly higher than the previous year (4,045).

SIC 9229 Public Order and Safety, Not Elsewhere Classified - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category covers miscellaneous government establishments primarily engaged in public order and safety, not elsewhere classified, including general administration of public order and safety programs. Collection of statistics on overall public safety also is included.

SIC 9311 Public Finance, Taxation, and Monetary Policy - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

The economic policy in the United States is determined by a complex web of organizations representing both the legislative and executive branches of government. The economic policies covered in this classification can be broadly divided into fiscal policies and monetary policies.

SIC 9411 Administration of Educational Programs - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

Virtually all of the functions conducted by the educational programs administration industry were connected in one way or another with the U.S. Department of Education, which administers more than 150 educational programs and guidelines for the nation's more than 119,000 schools.

SIC 9431 Administration of Public Health Programs - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category includes government establishments primarily engaged in planning, administration, and coordination of public health programs and services, including environmental health activities, mental health, categorical health programs (e.g., cancer control, communicable disease control, maternity, child health), health statistics, and immunization services.

SIC 9441 Administration of Social, Human Resource, and Income Maintenance Programs - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

SIC 9451 Administration of Veterans Affairs, Except Health and Insurance - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category includes government establishments primarily engaged in administration of programs of assistance, training, counseling, and other services to veterans and their dependents, heirs, or survivors. Also included are offices that maintain liaison and coordinate activities with other service organizations and governmental agencies.

SIC 9511 Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

Management of air and water resources and regulation of solid waste disposal is a broadly distributed function at all levels of municipal, state, and federal government. This category includes agencies within most Cabinet-level departments of the federal government, most notably the Departments of Agriculture, Interior, and Defense.

SIC 9512 Land, Mineral, Wildlife, and Forest Conservation - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

An elaborate web of public and private establishments work together to manage and protect natural resources in the United States. Private membership groups, professional societies, industry representatives, and community groups voice a variety of concerns in their efforts to influence federal, state, and local policy on natural resource management.

SIC 9531 Administration of Housing Programs - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category covers government establishments engaged in the administration, planning, and development of housing programs. The category also includes government building standards agencies and nonoperating government housing agencies and housing authorities.

SIC 9532 Administration of Urban Planning and Community and Rural Development - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category covers government establishments primarily engaged in planning, administration, and research for the development of urban and rural areas, including programs for slum clearance, community redevelopment, urban renewal, and land clearance. Also included are zoning boards and commissions.

SIC 9611 Administration of General Economic Programs - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This group covers government establishments primarily engaged in promoting and developing economic resources of all kinds, including tourism, business, and industry. Included are establishments responsible for the development of general statistical data and analyses and promotion of general economic well-being.

SIC 9621 Regulation and Administration of Transportation Programs - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

The regulation and administration of transportation programs includes numerous offices and agencies at the federal, state, and local levels. These offices build roadways, railways, canals, and other transportation routes; manage vehicle licensing and safety programs; collect data; inspect vehicles and equipment; regulate traffic; and enforce and propose laws.

SIC 9631 Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas and Other Utilities - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

The primary participants in this industry grouping are government establishments which regulate, license and inspect utilities. The utility operations include the generation and delivery of electricity regardless of fuel, and the delivery of gas, water and sewer services.

SIC 9641 Regulation of Agricultural Marketing and Commodities - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category covers government establishments primarily engaged in the planning, administration, and coordination of agricultural programs for production, marketing, and utilization, including related research, education, and promotion activities. Establishments responsible for regulation and control of the grading, inspection, and warehousing of agricultural products; the grading and inspection of foods; and the handling of plants and animals are classified here.

SIC 9651 Regulation, Licensing, and Inspection of Miscellaneous Commercial Sectors - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This category covers government establishments primarily engaged in regulation, licensing, and inspection of other commercial sectors, such as retail trade, professional occupations, manufacturing, mining, construction, and services. Also covered are physical standards, regulating hazardous conditions not elsewhere classified, and alcoholic beverage control.

SIC 9661 Space Research and Technology - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is the primary U.S. government agency involved in space research and technology.

SIC 9711 National Security - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

National security depends not only on the latest defense technology, but also more importantly, upon the human workforce that creates and develops the technology and carries it into action to defend our country. The United States has one of the only major armed forces in world history that has never been used against its own citizens or to permanently annex other nations.

SIC 9721 International Affairs - Description, Market Prospects, Industry History

This industry consists of establishments of U.S. and foreign governments primarily engaged in international affairs and programs related to other nations and peoples.